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x86 vs x64 vs ARM64: What Is the Difference Between 32-bit, 64-bit and ARM Windows?

Quick Answer When downloading Windows, software, drivers, utilities, or installers, you may see choices such as x86, x32, x64, AMD64, ARM, ARM64, AArch64, AR...

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Bison Technical Team Enterprise IT specialists
Updated 07 Sep 2026 19 min read 0 total views

Quick Answer

When downloading Windows, software, drivers, utilities, or installers, you may see choices such as x86, x32, x64, AMD64, ARM, ARM64, AArch64, ARM64EC, or Any CPU.

These terms describe the processor architecture and/or the architecture for which the software was compiled.

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For most modern Windows PCs:

  • x86 / x32 / 32-bit = software designed for the traditional 32-bit Intel/AMD x86 architecture.
  • x64 / x86-64 / AMD64 / Intel 64 = 64-bit evolution of x86 and the normal choice for most modern Intel and AMD Windows PCs.
  • ARM64 / AArch64 = 64-bit ARM architecture used by Windows on Arm computers, including many Qualcomm Snapdragon-based PCs.
  • ARM / ARM32 = older 32-bit ARM architecture.
  • ARM64EC = a special Windows 11 application ABI that allows developers to combine native ARM64EC code with x64 code in the same application process during migration to Arm.
  • IA-64 / Itanium = an older Intel 64-bit architecture unrelated to the x64 architecture used by normal modern PCs. It is obsolete for ordinary Windows computing.

A very important point is:

x86 does not mean an 86-bit system, and x64 does not simply mean “twice as fast as x32.”

The terms describe CPU instruction architectures and software targets, not a direct measurement of computer speed.

For a typical Windows 11 desktop or laptop with an Intel Core or AMD Ryzen processor, choose the x64 version of software.

For a Windows 11 PC using an ARM64 processor, such as many Snapdragon-powered Windows PCs, choose the ARM64 version whenever it is available.


Understanding CPU Architecture Before Comparing x86, x64 and ARM64

A computer processor does not understand software in the same way that humans read programming languages.

At the lowest practical level, processors execute machine instructions defined by an instruction set architecture, or ISA.

Different processor architectures understand different machine instructions.

This is why an application compiled for one architecture cannot necessarily execute natively on another architecture.

For example:

  • x86 software contains instructions intended for x86-compatible processors.
  • x64 software contains instructions intended for the x86-64 architecture.
  • ARM64 software contains ARM64 instructions.

Windows and other operating systems can sometimes provide compatibility layers or emulation to run software built for another architecture, but that does not make the architectures themselves identical.


What Is x86?

x86 refers to the processor architecture that originated with Intel's 8086 processor family and evolved through processors such as the:

  • 8086
  • 80286
  • 80386
  • 80486
  • Pentium
  • later x86-compatible processors

In modern Windows terminology, x86 normally means 32-bit x86.

Therefore, when a software download page offers:

Windows x86

it normally means:

32-bit Windows version

or a program compiled as a 32-bit x86 application.

Is x86 the same as 32-bit?

For modern Windows software discussions, generally yes.

You will commonly encounter:

x86 = 32-bit

However, historically the x86 family includes earlier 16-bit processors too, so technically the term has a broader history.


What Is x32?

This is one of the most common sources of confusion.

People often use x32 informally to mean:

32-bit

However, x32 is not Microsoft's standard architecture name for 32-bit Windows applications.

Microsoft normally uses:

x86

So if a download page contains:

  • x86
  • x64

you should understand this as:

  • x86 = 32-bit
  • x64 = 64-bit

You may see websites casually write:

  • Windows x32
  • Windows x64

but x86 is the more technically appropriate term for conventional 32-bit Windows software.


What Is x64?

x64 is the 64-bit extension of the x86 architecture.

Microsoft describes x64 as a backward-compatible extension of x86 providing a 64-bit mode while retaining support for the traditional x86 environment. Microsoft's x64 terminology encompasses both AMD64 and Intel 64.

You may therefore encounter several names that generally refer to this architecture:

  • x64
  • x86-64
  • x86_64
  • AMD64
  • Intel 64
  • EM64T, in older Intel terminology

For an ordinary modern Windows computer containing an Intel or AMD desktop/laptop processor, x64 is normally the architecture you are using.


Why Is It Called AMD64 Even on an Intel Computer?

This can initially look strange.

You may have an Intel Core processor but encounter filenames, Windows components, Linux downloads, programming tools, or documentation referring to:

AMD64

That does not mean the software requires an AMD processor.

AMD developed the widely adopted 64-bit extension to the x86 architecture, commonly called AMD64. Intel implemented a substantially compatible architecture, now called Intel 64.

Microsoft consequently treats AMD64 and Intel 64 under the general x64 architecture.

Therefore:

AMD64 software can normally be the correct x64 software even for an Intel-based Windows PC.


What Is ARM?

ARM represents a different processor architecture from traditional x86/x64.

ARM processors became especially common in:

  • smartphones
  • tablets
  • embedded devices
  • IoT hardware
  • single-board computers
  • low-power systems

ARM architectures are also increasingly important in laptops and desktop-class computers.

Modern Windows on Arm systems are designed around ARM64 processors.

ARM systems are particularly attractive for mobile computers because of their emphasis on power efficiency. Microsoft notes that modern ARM systems can integrate CPU, GPU, connectivity and NPU capabilities while offering strong performance and battery-life characteristics.


What Is ARM32?

ARM32 refers to 32-bit ARM architecture.

You may also simply see it called:

ARM

in older software and documentation.

Microsoft specifically notes that in Windows terminology, Arm32 refers to the 32-bit Arm architecture, while modern Windows Arm PCs generally use Arm64.

ARM32 should not be confused with x86.

Both can be 32-bit architectures, but they use different instruction sets.

Therefore:

32-bit does not automatically mean x86.

You can have:

  • 32-bit x86
  • 32-bit ARM

They are different architectures.


What Is ARM64?

ARM64 is the 64-bit ARM architecture used by modern ARM-based Windows computers.

It is also commonly known as:

AArch64

ARM64 is to modern ARM computing roughly what x64 is to modern x86 computing: a 64-bit architecture designed for modern operating systems and applications.

Windows 11 supports ARM64 PCs, and Microsoft continues to expand Windows on Arm application and development support.

Examples of modern Windows ARM devices include systems based on processors such as Qualcomm Snapdragon platforms.


ARM64 vs AArch64: Are They the Same?

For ordinary users, ARM64 and AArch64 generally refer to the same 64-bit ARM architecture family.

Different operating systems, compilers and software vendors may prefer different terminology.

You may therefore encounter:

arm64

or:

aarch64

in download filenames.

For example, a vendor might publish:

program-x86.exe

program-x64.exe

program-arm64.exe

while another software project might publish:

program-x86_64

and:

program-aarch64

The naming is different, but x86_64 generally corresponds to x64, while AArch64 generally corresponds to ARM64.


x86 vs x64 vs ARM64 – Main Differences

Architecture Common Meaning Bitness Typical Hardware Modern Windows Relevance
x86 Traditional Intel-compatible architecture 32-bit in modern Windows terminology Older Intel/AMD systems Mainly legacy applications
x32 Informal term for 32-bit 32-bit Usually means x86 Avoid relying on this terminology
x64 64-bit x86 architecture 64-bit Intel/AMD PCs Standard for most Windows PCs
AMD64 Another name associated with x64 64-bit AMD and compatible Intel CPUs Common technical identifier
Intel 64 Intel implementation of x86-64 64-bit Intel CPUs Part of the x64 ecosystem
ARM Usually ARM32 in Windows architecture lists 32-bit Older ARM devices Mostly legacy
ARM64 Modern 64-bit ARM 64-bit Snapdragon and other ARM64 systems Increasingly important
AArch64 Common name for 64-bit ARM ISA 64-bit ARM64 processors Essentially ARM64 for this purpose
ARM64EC Windows emulation-compatible ABI 64-bit Windows 11 on Arm Mainly developer/application migration technology
IA-64 Intel Itanium architecture 64-bit Itanium servers Obsolete for mainstream Windows PCs

x86 vs x64: What Is the Practical Difference?

The transition from 32-bit x86 to x64 provided several important architectural advantages.

1. Larger Address Space

A fundamental limitation of 32-bit computing is its address space.

A 32-bit address can represent:

2³² = 4,294,967,296 possible addresses

This corresponds to a theoretical address space of approximately:

4 GB

This is one major reason 32-bit Windows systems are associated with the familiar approximately 4 GB address-space limitation.

A 64-bit architecture has an enormously larger theoretical address space.

That does not mean every 64-bit computer can actually install or use 2⁶⁴ bytes of RAM. CPU implementations, operating-system editions, hardware platforms and other architectural limits impose much smaller practical limits.

The important point is that x64 removes the fundamental 4 GB address-space restriction associated with 32-bit addressing.


Does 32-bit Windows Use All 4 GB RAM?

Not necessarily.

A computer with 4 GB RAM running a 32-bit Windows system may report less usable memory because parts of the address space can be reserved for hardware and other resources.

Therefore you might see something such as:

4.00 GB installed, but less usable

The exact amount varies by system.


Does 64-bit Mean the Computer Is Twice as Fast?

No.

This is another common misunderstanding.

64-bit does not mean twice the speed of 32-bit.

Performance depends on many factors, including:

  • CPU architecture
  • CPU generation
  • clock speed
  • core count
  • cache
  • RAM
  • storage
  • application design
  • compiler optimization
  • GPU
  • workload
  • operating system
  • whether software is native or emulated

A modern ARM64 processor can outperform an older x64 processor, and a modern x64 processor can outperform another x64 processor by a large margin.

Therefore, architecture alone should never be used as a direct measurement of performance.


Can 32-bit Programs Run on 64-bit Windows?

Generally, yes on x64 Windows, assuming the application itself remains compatible with the Windows version.

Windows provides the WOW64 subsystem to allow 32-bit x86 applications to operate in the 64-bit Windows environment.

WOW64 stands for:

Windows 32-bit on Windows 64-bit

This is why an x64 Windows installation commonly contains both:

C:\Program Files

and:

C:\Program Files (x86)

Typically:

Program Files
is used for 64-bit applications.

Program Files (x86)
is used for 32-bit applications.

There are exceptions, so the folder alone should not be treated as an absolute architecture detector.


Can 64-bit Programs Run on 32-bit Windows?

No.

A conventional 64-bit x64 application cannot run on a 32-bit x86 Windows operating system.

If your operating system is 32-bit, you normally need the application's:

x86 / 32-bit version

This is one reason software vendors historically offered separate downloads such as:

Setup_x86.exe

and:

Setup_x64.exe


Can x86 Software Run on ARM64 Windows?

Yes, many x86 Windows applications can run on Windows on Arm through Microsoft's built-in emulation technology.

Windows 11 on Arm supports emulation for both:

  • x86 applications
  • x64 applications

Microsoft states that this emulation is integrated into Windows and does not require the user to install a separate emulator.


Can x64 Software Run on ARM64 Windows?

On Windows 11 on Arm, many x64 applications can run through emulation.

This is an important improvement over the earlier Windows 10 on Arm model. Microsoft documents that Windows 10 on Arm supported x86 application emulation, whereas Windows 11 on Arm supports both x86 and x64 application emulation.

However, compatibility should not be assumed to be perfect for every application.


What Is Prism in Windows 11?

Modern Windows 11 on Arm includes Microsoft's Prism emulation technology.

Prism translates x86/x64 application instructions into ARM64 instructions so that many traditional Windows applications can operate on ARM-based PCs.

Microsoft introduced Prism with Windows 11 version 24H2 and describes it as providing optimizations intended to improve performance and reduce CPU overhead compared with previous Windows emulation technology.

This has helped make the distinction between x64 PCs and ARM64 Windows PCs less disruptive for everyday application compatibility.

Native ARM64 applications are still preferable when available.


Native vs Emulated Applications

Suppose you own an ARM64 Windows computer and a program is available in three versions:

  • x86
  • x64
  • ARM64

The ARM64 version is normally the preferred choice because it runs natively on the ARM64 processor.

The x86 or x64 versions may run through Windows emulation.

Native applications can potentially provide:

  • better performance
  • lower CPU overhead
  • improved power efficiency
  • better battery life
  • fewer compatibility complications

Microsoft recommends native Arm support so applications can take advantage of the performance and power characteristics of ARM64 hardware.


Important: Drivers Are Different from Normal Applications

This is particularly important when choosing software for ARM64 Windows.

Windows 11 on Arm can emulate many x86 and x64 user-mode applications, but kernel-mode drivers cannot simply rely on this application emulation.

Microsoft states that kernel-mode components must be compiled for ARM64 because Windows' x86/x64 emulation does not emulate drivers.

This can affect:

  • old printers
  • scanners
  • specialized USB devices
  • VPN clients
  • antivirus/security software
  • virtualization software
  • hardware utilities
  • dongles
  • legacy business equipment

Before moving an organization to ARM64 PCs, checking driver and specialist application compatibility remains important.


What Is ARM64EC?

ARM64EC stands for:

ARM64 Emulation Compatible

It is primarily a technology for software developers rather than something ordinary users need to select when buying a PC.

Microsoft introduced ARM64EC as an application binary interface for Windows 11 on Arm that allows developers to transition applications incrementally from x64 to native Arm code.

An application can therefore contain:

  • ARM64EC components running natively
  • existing x64 components running through emulation

within the same process.

This is useful for large applications with plugins, libraries or dependencies that cannot all be converted to ARM64 immediately.

ARM64EC should therefore not be thought of as simply another name for ARM64.


What Is ARM64X?

You may also encounter ARM64X, especially in developer documentation.

ARM64X is related to Microsoft's mechanism for binaries that can support interoperability across ARM64 and x64-compatible environments on Windows on Arm.

It is primarily relevant to:

  • Windows internals
  • application developers
  • compiler/linker behavior
  • software migration to ARM

Ordinary users generally do not need to choose an “ARM64X Windows version” when downloading normal software.


What Is IA-64 or Itanium?

Another architecture sometimes found in older Microsoft documentation is:

IA-64

IA-64 refers to Intel's Itanium architecture.

It should not be confused with:

  • x64
  • Intel 64
  • AMD64
  • x86-64

Despite being a 64-bit architecture, Itanium used a fundamentally different instruction architecture.

IA-64 was mainly associated with specialized enterprise servers and is now a legacy architecture.

For modern PCs, x64 does not mean IA-64.


x64 vs AMD64 vs x86-64

For normal Windows users, these terms generally describe the same broad processor architecture family.

Term Meaning
x64 Microsoft's common name
AMD64 Original AMD 64-bit x86 extension terminology
x86-64 Generic technical name
x86_64 Common Unix/Linux/software naming
Intel 64 Intel's implementation

Therefore, an Intel computer can correctly run software labelled AMD64 if that label means a standard x86-64 binary.


ARM64 vs x64: Which Is Better?

There is no universal winner.

x64 advantages

x64 currently benefits from decades of Windows PC software and hardware support.

Typical advantages include:

  • extremely broad Windows application compatibility
  • mature driver availability
  • broad peripheral compatibility
  • extensive enterprise software support
  • gaming compatibility
  • mature virtualization ecosystem
  • wide selection of Intel and AMD processors

ARM64 advantages

Modern ARM64 PCs can offer advantages such as:

  • excellent energy efficiency
  • potentially longer battery life
  • low-power operation
  • highly integrated system-on-chip designs
  • integrated NPU capabilities
  • increasingly strong native Windows application support

Microsoft specifically highlights power efficiency and integrated CPU/GPU/connectivity/NPU capabilities as advantages of modern Arm systems.

The correct choice depends on the workload.


Which Architecture Should You Download?

Use this simple rule.

Intel or AMD Windows PC

Choose:

x64

for most modern systems.

ARM-based Windows PC

Choose:

ARM64

when a native ARM64 version is available.

Very old 32-bit Windows PC

Choose:

x86 / 32-bit

if the software still supports that operating system.

ARM64 PC where ARM64 version is unavailable

An x64 or x86 application may still work through Windows 11's emulation, but check the software vendor's compatibility information—particularly if the application uses drivers or low-level system components.


How to Check Whether Your Windows PC Is x64 or ARM64

The easiest method is Windows Settings.

Open:

Settings → System → About

Look for:

System type

Depending on the computer, Windows may indicate information about the operating-system and processor architecture.

You can also press:

Windows + R

type:

msinfo32

and press Enter.

Look at:

System Type

Common values include identifiers associated with x64 or ARM64 systems.


Check Windows Architecture Using Command Prompt

Open Command Prompt and run:

echo %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%

A typical x64 PC may return:

AMD64

Again, seeing AMD64 on an Intel PC is normal.

You can also use:

systeminfo

and inspect the System Type and processor information.


Check Architecture Using PowerShell

You can use:

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation]::OSArchitecture

Possible results include:

X64

or:

Arm64

You can also check the architecture of the current process:

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation]::ProcessArchitecture

This distinction can be useful because a 32-bit application can be running on a 64-bit operating system.


Operating System Architecture vs Application Architecture

These two concepts should not be confused.

Your computer might have:

64-bit Windows

while running a:

32-bit application

For example:

OS architecture: x64
Application architecture: x86

This is completely normal because WOW64 enables many 32-bit applications to run on x64 Windows.

Likewise, an ARM64 Windows 11 PC can run:

  • native ARM64 applications
  • emulated x86 applications
  • emulated x64 applications

subject to compatibility limitations.


Why Do Some Applications Still Offer 32-bit Versions?

There are several reasons.

They may need to support:

  • older computers
  • older operating systems
  • legacy plugins
  • old business applications
  • specific 32-bit dependencies
  • compatibility with other 32-bit components

However, modern Windows computing has overwhelmingly moved toward 64-bit architectures.

Windows 11's hardware requirements are designed around supported modern processors and modern system requirements, so 32-bit Windows itself is no longer the mainstream desktop Windows platform.


Should I Install 32-bit or 64-bit Software on 64-bit Windows?

If both versions are available and there is no special compatibility requirement, the 64-bit version is generally preferable on an x64 Windows system.

However, installing the 32-bit version is not automatically wrong.

A 32-bit version may sometimes be necessary because of:

  • old plugins
  • add-ins
  • database drivers
  • COM components
  • legacy integrations
  • vendor requirements

For example, an organization may intentionally use a 32-bit application because an important third-party plugin is available only in 32-bit form.

Therefore, architecture should sometimes be chosen based on the entire dependency chain rather than just the CPU.


Can x64 Applications Use More RAM Than x86 Applications?

Yes, this is one of the major practical advantages.

A 32-bit application's virtual address space is inherently constrained by 32-bit addressing and Windows implementation details.

A native 64-bit application can work with a much larger address space.

This is particularly valuable for applications such as:

  • databases
  • CAD/CAM
  • video editing
  • 3D rendering
  • virtualization
  • engineering software
  • large spreadsheets
  • development environments
  • servers
  • scientific applications

However, being 64-bit does not automatically make an application faster.


Does x64 Software Consume More RAM?

It can.

64-bit applications use 64-bit pointers and may have larger data structures, so equivalent 64-bit programs can sometimes consume more memory than their 32-bit counterparts.

The trade-off is access to a much larger address space and the architectural capabilities of the 64-bit environment.


Can I Change x86 Windows to x64 by Changing a Setting?

No.

You cannot turn a 32-bit Windows installation into 64-bit Windows simply through:

  • Registry Editor
  • BIOS setting
  • command
  • Windows setting

The CPU must support the appropriate architecture, and changing the operating-system architecture generally requires installing the appropriate Windows version rather than toggling a setting.

Always back up important data before reinstalling an operating system.


Can x64 Windows Be Installed on an ARM64 PC?

Not as a conventional native installation simply because both are “64-bit.”

This illustrates one of the most important concepts in this article:

Bitness and processor architecture are not the same thing.

Both x64 and ARM64 are 64-bit architectures, but their native instruction sets are different.

Therefore:

x64 ≠ ARM64

in exactly the same way that:

x86 ≠ ARM32

even though both of the latter are commonly 32-bit.


Software Download Example

Suppose a website provides:

Choose:

Application-x86.exe
for a 32-bit x86 environment or where specifically required for compatibility.

Application-x64.exe
for a normal 64-bit Intel/AMD Windows computer.

Application-arm64.exe
for a Windows ARM64 computer.

For most current Intel Core and AMD Ryzen Windows PCs, x64 is the correct download.


Architecture Compatibility Summary

Host Windows / CPU x86 App x64 App ARM64 App
32-bit x86 Windows Yes No No
x64 Windows on Intel/AMD Usually Yes Yes – Native No native execution
Windows 11 ARM64 Yes – Emulated Yes – Emulated Yes – Native

Compatibility can still depend on the application, Windows version, drivers and dependencies.


Native Architecture Is Usually Best

Whenever possible, choose software compiled specifically for your processor architecture.

For an x64 PC:

Native x64 application → preferred

For an ARM64 PC:

Native ARM64 application → preferred

Compatibility and emulation are extremely useful, but native software avoids the translation layer and generally gives the operating system and application the best opportunity to use the hardware efficiently.


FAQ

Is x32 the same as x86?

In common informal usage, x32 often means 32-bit, while x86 is the standard term normally used for 32-bit Intel/AMD Windows applications. Microsoft's architecture terminology uses x86 rather than x32.

Is x64 the same as 64-bit?

In the context of normal Intel/AMD Windows PCs, yes. x64 refers to the 64-bit extension of the x86 architecture.

Is x86 32-bit or 64-bit?

In modern Windows software labels, x86 normally means 32-bit.

Is x64 Intel or AMD?

Both. Modern Intel and AMD processors support the x64 architecture. Microsoft notes that x64 encompasses both AMD64 and Intel 64.

Why does my Intel PC show AMD64?

Because AMD64 is an architecture identifier for the x86-64 instruction-set family. It does not mean Windows thinks your Intel CPU was manufactured by AMD.

Is ARM64 also 64-bit?

Yes.

Both x64 and ARM64 are 64-bit architectures, but they use different instruction sets.

Is ARM64 the same as x64?

No.

ARM64 and x64 are different CPU architectures.

Is ARM64 the same as AArch64?

For normal software-selection purposes, AArch64 refers to the 64-bit ARM architecture commonly called ARM64.

Can Windows 11 run on ARM64?

Yes. Microsoft actively supports Windows 11 on Arm and provides development and application compatibility technologies for ARM64 PCs.

Can Windows 11 ARM run normal Windows programs?

Many of them, yes. Windows 11 on Arm can emulate both x86 and x64 applications.

Can Windows 11 ARM emulate drivers?

No. Microsoft's x86/x64 application emulation is for user-mode code; kernel-mode components such as drivers need native ARM64 versions.

What is Prism?

Prism is Microsoft's newer Windows 11 on Arm emulator for running x86/x64 Windows applications on ARM64 systems. It was introduced with Windows 11 24H2.

What is WOW64?

WOW64 is the Windows subsystem that enables 32-bit applications to operate within 64-bit Windows environments.

What is ARM64EC?

ARM64EC is Microsoft's emulation-compatible application binary interface for Windows 11 on Arm. It allows developers to combine ARM-native code with existing x64 components while migrating an application to Arm.

Is IA-64 the same as x64?

No. IA-64 refers to Intel Itanium, while x64 refers to the AMD64/Intel 64-compatible extension of x86.

Which version should I download: x86, x64 or ARM64?

For most modern Intel/AMD Windows PCs, download x64.

For a Windows ARM PC, download ARM64 whenever available.

Use x86 primarily when you have a 32-bit environment or a specific compatibility requirement.

Is 64-bit twice as fast as 32-bit?

No. Bitness does not translate directly into processing speed.

Can a 32-bit program run on 64-bit Windows?

Many x86 programs can run on x64 Windows using WOW64.

Can a 64-bit application run on 32-bit Windows?

No. A native x64 program requires a compatible 64-bit operating environment.

How do I know whether I have x64 or ARM64 Windows?

Go to:

Settings → System → About → System type

You can also use msinfo32, Command Prompt or PowerShell to inspect the system architecture.


Final Recommendation / Conclusion

The terminology surrounding x86, x32, x64, AMD64, ARM, ARM64 and AArch64 appears complicated mainly because some names describe historical processor families while others describe bitness, instruction-set architectures or software compatibility technologies.

For everyday Windows users, the most useful distinction is:

x86 = traditional 32-bit Windows application architecture

x64 = modern 64-bit Intel/AMD PC architecture

ARM64 = modern 64-bit ARM architecture

Most existing Intel and AMD Windows desktops and laptops should use x64 software.

Modern Windows computers powered by ARM processors should preferably use native ARM64 software, although Windows 11 on Arm can run many existing x86 and x64 applications through Microsoft's built-in emulation technology.

The fact that both x64 and ARM64 are 64-bit does not make them the same architecture.

When downloading applications—especially antivirus software, VPN software, virtualization products, printer utilities or anything that installs drivers—always select the version that matches the actual processor architecture and verify vendor support.

 

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