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Computer SMPS (Switched-Mode Power Supply): History, Architecture, Wattage, Connectors, and Future Trends

The Computer SMPS (Switched-Mode Power Supply) is a critical hardware component that converts electrical power from an external source into usable, stable DC voltages for internal …

HP Printer Power Supply (PSU) Errors – Causes, Diagnosis, and Step-by-Step Resolution

Power Supply Unit (PSU) errors occur on HP LaserJet and HP All-in-One printers when the printer fails to receive, regulate, or distribute stable electrical power. These errors can…

What Is Power BI for MS Office?

Power BI for MS Office means using Microsoft Power BI together with Microsoft Office apps like Excel, Teams, SharePoint, and Outlook.In simple words, Power BI helps you understand …

Power Adapters Used in Cameras: Ratings, Voltage, Polarity, Connectors, and Professional Usage Guide

Power adapters are an essential but often overlooked component of digital cameras, DSLRs, mirrorless cameras, professional video cameras, and studio setups. While batteries provide…

Power Adapters: Essential Components for Your IT Devices

Power adapters are vital for providing the necessary power supply to computers, laptops, and other IT-related products. They convert electrical energy from a power source into the …

Computer Motherboards: History, Architecture, Components, and Modern Design

The computer motherboard is the central backbone of any computing system. It interconnects the CPU, memory, storage, expansion cards, power delivery, and peripheral interfaces into…

Power Cords: Essential Accessories for Your IT Equipment

Power cords are crucial components for connecting and powering various IT devices, including printers, computers, laptops, switches, and more. The right power cord not only ensures…

How to Fix the "BOOTMGR Is Missing Press Ctrl + Alt + Del to Restart" Error: A Step-by-Step Resolution

The "BOOTMGR is missing" error is a common issue that Windows users encounter when their system fails to find the Boot Manager. This can prevent your computer from starting up prop…

HP Laser Printer Error 50.X – Fuser Error Causes, Diagnosis, and Resolution

The 50.X error is a hardware-related fuser error found on HP LaserJet printers and HP All-in-One (AIO) printers. When this error occurs, the printer usually stops printing immedia…

Understanding SMPS for Computers: Types, Features, and Specifications

Switch Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is an essential component of any computer system, providing the necessary power to all hardware components. At Bison Infosolutions, we offer a varie…

Windows System Freezes with Sudden Fan Spike on NVMe SSD Systems (CPU Thermal Throttling Diagnosis & Fix)

This Knowledge Base article addresses a common but often misdiagnosed issue on modern Windows systems with NVMe SSDs, where the system temporarily hangs or becomes unresponsive, th…

What Are Device Drivers, How to Get Them & An Overview of DriverPack

In any computer system, hardware components such as graphics cards, network adapters, printers, sound cards, USB controllers, etc., need software to communicate with the operating …

Understanding Motherboards: Types, Features, and Specifications

Motherboards are the backbone of any computer system, providing the essential connections for the CPU, RAM, storage, and other components. At Bison Infosolutions, we offer a variet…

Top Electrical Problems That Harm Computers & Printers: Symptoms, Causes & Reliable Solutions

Computers, laptops, printers, servers, and networking devices are sensitive to electrical conditions. Even small irregularities in power supply can lead to hardware failure, data c…

How to Share a Printer in Windows 10/11 — Step-by-Step Guide with Common Errors & Fixes

In Windows 10 and Windows 11, you can share a printer across a local network so multiple computers can print using the same device. This feature is extremely useful for homes, sma…

Future of Computer Hardware Technologies: Architecture Evolution, Capabilities, and Practical Impact

Computer hardware is entering a new phase of evolution driven by limits in traditional scaling, rising energy costs, and demand from AI, data-intensive workloads, and real-time sys…

HP Laser Printer Formatter / DIMM Errors – Causes, Diagnosis, and Step-by-Step Resolution

Formatter and DIMM errors are controller-level hardware faults seen on HP LaserJet and HP Enterprise printers. These errors affect the printer’s main logic board (formatter) or it…

Benefits of Coffee and Tea During Computer or Laptop Use : Cognitive, Physiological, and Productivity Perspectives

Extended computer and laptop usage is common in modern workplaces, education, and IT operations. Long screen hours can lead to mental fatigue, reduced focus, eye strain, and decrea…

HP All-in-One Scanner Calibration / Lamp Failure Error – Causes, Diagnosis, and Resolution

Scanner calibration and lamp failure errors occur on HP All-in-One (MFP) printers that include flatbed and/or ADF scanning. These errors prevent scan and copy operations and may a…

Computer BIOS: Architecture, Versions, Vendors, Features, and Best Practices (Complete Technical Guide)

The Computer BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is foundational firmware that initializes hardware and starts the operating system when a computer powers on. Although end users rarel…

Power Extension Boards and Surge Protectors: Essential Tools for Personal Computers

Power extension boards and surge protectors are vital accessories for safeguarding personal computers and other electronic devices. They not only provide extra outlets but also pro…

Computer Mouse Technologies, Features, and Shortcut Commands for Daily Productivity and Gaming

The computer mouse is a fundamental input device used for navigation, selection, and control across operating systems and applications. Modern mice incorporate advanced sensor tech…

How to Enable Hibernate Option in Windows 11

Many Windows 11 users notice that the Hibernate option is missing from the Start menu’s Power options — even though it worked fine in earlier versions like Windows 10. This happens…

How to Change iTunes Backup Location Using the MKLINK Command in Windows

iTunes stores your device backups in a specific folder on your computer. However, if you want to change the location where iTunes saves these backups (for example, to a larger driv…

Types of Computer Monitor Technologies, Features, and Shortcut Commands for Daily Productivity and Gaming

Computer monitors are the primary visual interface between users and digital systems. Modern monitors incorporate advanced display panel technologies, refresh rates, resolutions, a…

Computer Scanners: History, Technologies, Sizes, OCR, and Modern Scanning Solutions

Computer scanners are essential input devices that convert physical documents, photographs, and objects into digital formats. From early drum scanners used in publishing to today’s…

Laptop Screen Flickers or Goes Black When Plugging or Unplugging Charger: Causes, Fixes, and When to Worry

Many laptop users experience a brief screen flicker or a momentary black screen when they plug in or unplug their laptop charger. The display may go black for a second and then ret…

HP Printer Control Panel / Touchscreen Errors – Causes, Diagnosis, and Step-by-Step Resolution

Control panel and touchscreen errors occur on HP LaserJet and HP All-in-One printers when the printer’s user interface fails to respond correctly. These issues can prevent local o…

Computer Slow After Windows Update? Causes, Fixes & Performance Optimization Guide

Windows updates are designed to improve security, stability, and performance. However, many users experience the opposite — a slow computer after a Windows update. Boot time increa…

HP All-in-One Printer 52 Scanner Motor Error – Causes, Diagnosis, and Resolution

The 52 Scanner Motor Error is a scanner subsystem fault seen on HP All-in-One (MFP) printers that include flatbed and/or ADF scanning. When this error occurs, copying and scanning…

Types of Computer Mice and Their Pros and Cons

Introduction Computer mice are essential input devices used to navigate and interact with a computer's graphical interface. With various types available, each designed for specific…

Understanding Motherboards, CPUs, and Compatibility

Introduction The motherboard and CPU are critical components of any computer system. Understanding their functions, compatibility, and generational differences is essential for bui…

Tally Slow or Not Responding Due to Network Card Not Negotiating Gigabit Speed (10/100 Mbps Issue)

In multi-user Tally Prime / Tally ERP environments where both Tally License and Data reside on a central server, network performance plays a critical role. A very common yet often …

Mobile Charging Cables: Technologies, Features, Lengths, Materials, Connector Types, and Performance Impact

Mobile charging cables are critical components for power delivery, data transfer, device safety, and charging speed. While often treated as simple accessories, charging cables diff…

HP Printer Firmware Update & Recovery Errors – Fixing Bricked Printers

Firmware update and recovery errors occur on HP LaserJet and HP All-in-One printers when a firmware upgrade fails or becomes corrupted. In severe cases, the printer may become “br…

Camera Not Detected on Windows (Error: “We Can’t Find Your Camera”)

Sometimes when you try to use the camera on your computer, Windows shows a message saying “We can’t find your camera.” This means your computer is unable to see or use the camera.…

CMOS Battery in Laptops and Personal Computers

Introduction The CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) battery is a crucial component in laptops and personal computers, powering the real-time clock and maintaining BIOS …

Camera Lighting & Flash Systems Explained: Types, Quality, Specifications, Brands, and Professional Maintenance Guide

Lighting is a core technical component of imaging systems. Regardless of camera quality, poor lighting results in noisy, flat, or unusable images, while correct lighting dramatical…

How to Patch RDP for Multiple User Access: UniversalTermsrvPatch Guide

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP) is an essential feature in Windows, allowing users to connect to remote systems. However, by default, Windows allows only one active user session at a…

How to Share a USB Printer on a Network: A Step-by-Step Guide with Security Settings

Sharing a USB printer over a network can significantly enhance productivity and accessibility in both home and office environments. This article provides a comprehensive guide on h…

Understanding Computer Mice, Computer Mouse: Types, Features, and Specifications

The computer mouse is a vital peripheral device that enables users to interact with their computers efficiently. Over the years, mice have evolved significantly in terms of design,…

How to Enable Remote Desktop in Windows

Introduction Remote Desktop is a powerful feature in Windows that allows you to connect to another computer remotely. This guide will walk you through the steps to enable Remote De…

Types of Laptop Batteries: Cell Count, Power Ratings, and Benefits Explained

A laptop’s battery is one of its most critical components, responsible for providing portable power and influencing the device’s overall weight, runtime, and performance. Over the …

HP LaserJet Pro MFP M128fw Stuck on “Initializing” and Displays “Install Black Cartridge”

HP LaserJet Pro MFP M128fw is a monochrome laser all-in-one printer designed for small offices and professional environments requiring reliable printing, scanning, copying, and fax…

CAD/CAM Software Systems: History, Architecture, Key Platforms, and Future Direction

CAD/CAM software forms the digital backbone of modern engineering, manufacturing, and product development. CAD (Computer-Aided Design) focuses on creating precise digital models, w…

Understanding “Line & Ground Reverse” Warning and Its Impact on Computers

Electrical safety is one of the most overlooked aspects in homes and offices, especially when it comes to powering sensitive devices like computers, servers, printers, routers, and…

Microsoft Enterprise Software & Cloud Platforms – Overview of Microsoft Products and Services

Microsoft provides one of the most comprehensive enterprise software ecosystems globally, covering operating systems, productivity tools, cloud infrastructure, databases, ERP/CRM p…

How to Fix CCTV Camera Display Flickering Due to Roof Lights

CCTV cameras are essential for security, but sometimes, display flickering or running patches appear, especially under artificial lighting like roof lights. This issue can be frust…

Health Effects of Long Hours on Laptops and Computer Screens (10–12 Hours): Risks, Posture Issues, and Practical Remedies

Extended computer use—10 to 12 hours per day on laptops or desktop screens—has become common among IT professionals, accountants, designers, developers, and remote workers. While p…

Branches of Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Fields, Benefits, Use Cases, Future in India & Learning Path (Technical Guide)

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is not a single technology but a collection of interrelated fields that enable machines to perform tasks requiring human intelligence—such as learning,…