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Installing and Reissuing SSL Certificates in cPanel (CSR-Based Workflow)

This knowledge base article provides a technical reference for IT professionals, system administrators, and support engineers managing SSL/TLS certificate issuance, installation, a…

How to Properly Save a PEM SSL Certificate from BEGIN/END Data (Technical Guide)

This article explains how to correctly save an SSL/TLS certificate when provided in PEM-encoded text format, typically bounded by:-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- -----END CERTIFICATE-…

Domain Name Protection & Brand Security Across TLDs – Technical Knowledge Base

This article provides a technical guide for IT professionals, system administrators, and support engineers on protecting organizational brands across domain extensions (TLDs). It f…

Installing Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) and Troubleshooting Usage Issues

Introduction A Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) is an electronic signature used to verify the identity of the signer and the integrity of the document. It is widely used in e-Go…

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) in India: Class-2, Class-3, Types, Legal Validity, Manufacturers, and Practical Usage

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) are a foundational element of secure electronic transactions in India. They are legally recognized tools used to authenticate identity, ensure …

Understanding PNG, JPG/JPEG, GIF, SVG, and Modern Image Formats – Technical Guide for IT Professionals

This knowledge base article provides a technical overview of common and modern image file formats, focusing on: Historical background Compression mechanisms Technical …

Understanding PositiveSSL vs Comodo SSL – Which One Should You Choose?

When setting up a website, especially a business website, you may see different SSL options like PositiveSSL and Comodo SSL. This often creates confusion.This article explains what…

What Is the Ping Command and Why Every User Should Know It

In the realm of networking and system administration, the humble ping command is one of the most frequently used tools for verifying connectivity, diagnosing issues, and measuring …

SMTP Relay Testing & Diagnostics – Technical Knowledge Base Guide

This article provides a technical reference for testing, validating, and troubleshooting SMTP relay configurations. It is intended for IT professionals, system administrators, and …

HWiNFO Explained: Complete Hardware Monitoring Tool, Benefits, and Best Alternatives

HWiNFO (Hardware Information) is a powerful system information, hardware monitoring, and diagnostics utility for Windows (and limited DOS support). It is widely used by IT professi…

Loans & Credit Cards in India: RBI-Regulated Providers, Registration Norms, Eligibility Grounds, and Dispute/“Claim” Workflows

Loans and credit cards in India are regulated primarily by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI). In practice, a safe and compliant borrowing/card experience depends on: Choosing only…

ICEGATE FileSign PKI Component Error – DSC Utility Detection & Troubleshooting Guide

This article provides a deep technical explanation and step-by-step resolution guide for the error:“Error connecting to PKI component. Please check if DSC utility is installed.”Thi…

Life Insurance in India: IRDAI-Registered Insurers, Registration Norms, Buying Criteria, and Claim Process

Life insurance in India is regulated by IRDAI (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India). A correct life insurance setup is not only about choosing a plan; it also r…

How to Set Up a Fully Branded SuperSite for Your Domain Reseller Business (OrderBox, ResellerClub, BigRock & GlobeHost)

Building a fully branded SuperSite for your domain reseller business gives your brand a professional edge. Whether you’re working with ResellerClub, BigRock, GlobeHost, or any othe…

External Screens & Monitors for Cameras: Types, Specifications, Quality, Usage, and Maintenance Guide

External screens and monitors are critical companion devices for cameras—particularly DSLRs, mirrorless cameras, professional video cameras, cinema cameras, and industrial imaging …

Website Downtime / Website Outage – Technical Troubleshooting & Resolution Guide

A website is considered down or experiencing an outage when users cannot access it or when critical functionality fails. Downtime may be total (site unreachable) or partial (slow r…

Web Cameras (Webcams): Types, Technologies, Benefits, Legal Value, Manufacturers, and Usage in India

Web cameras (commonly called webcams) are essential audio-visual input devices used for video communication, identity verification, online education, surveillance, and government d…

Windows Paint (MS Paint): History, Technology, Features, and Modern Alternatives

Windows Paint, commonly known as MS Paint, is a basic raster graphics editor that has been bundled with Microsoft Windows for decades. Despite its simplicity, Paint has played a si…

DORIS in Delhi: What It Is, How It Works, and Its Benefits for Property Registration

DORIS stands for Delhi Online Registration Information System — an official online portal launched by the Government of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi to digitize, s…

Why signData.inp File Downloads Repeatedly When Using DSC on Government eProcurement Portals

Users accessing Indian Government eProcurement portals (such as CPPP, GeM, eProcure, State eProcurement systems) frequently encounter an issue where a file named signData.inp (or s…

Real Estate in India (Commercial & Premium): Key Market Players, Registration Norms, Due Diligence, and Tax/Compliance “Claim” Process

Commercial and premium real estate in India typically includes: Commercial: office spaces, IT parks, retail malls, warehouses, industrial units, co-working assets Premium: …

NIC Speed Lock & Continuous Monitoring on Windows Server (PowerShell Guide)

Network performance issues such as unexpected NIC speed fallback (1 Gbps → 100 Mbps) are common in enterprise and SMB environments. These issues often arise from cabling problems, …

How to Use DSC for Digital Signing Over Remote Desktop (RDP): Complete Step-by-Step Tutorial

Digital Signature Certificates (DSCs) are widely used in India for signing GST returns, Income Tax, MCA filings, e-tenders, PF, and government documents. Many professionals work r…

IREPS Portal and DSC-Related Issues

Introduction The Indian Railway E-Procurement System (IREPS) portal is a web-based platform designed for the procurement of goods and services in Indian Railways. It facilitates tr…

Tally Education – Structured Accounting & Business Software Training Ecosystem

Tally Education is a structured education and certification ecosystem designed to provide formal training in accounting, finance, taxation, and business software skills using Tally…

Private Healthcare in India: Clinics & Diagnostic Centers — Providers, Registration, Norms, Procurement, Claims, and Compliance Guide

Private healthcare services—including clinics and diagnostics centers—are core pillars of India’s healthcare delivery system. These establishments offer clinical care, laboratory d…

Adobe Creative & Digital Experience Platforms – Overview of Adobe Products and Services

Adobe provides industry-standard software solutions for creative professionals, enterprises, and digital marketing teams. Its ecosystem spans content creation, document management,…

Windows Web Hosting: Architecture, Features, Use Cases, and Implementation Guide

Windows Web Hosting is a web hosting model where websites and web applications run on Microsoft Windows Server using Microsoft’s web and application stack. It is commonly used for …

AI Tools in 2026: Types, Benefits, Top Tools by Segment, Key Players, and How to Spot Fraud

AI tools are now a broad market of products that use machine learning (ML) and large language models (LLMs) to generate content, automate workflows, analyze data, and assist decisi…

Cyber Security Explained: Purpose, Implementation, Key Companies, and How It Differs from Antivirus Software

Cyber security is the practice of protecting systems, networks, applications, and data from digital attacks. These attacks are no longer limited to simple viruses. Modern threats i…

Smart Watches — Technology, Features, Sizing, Health Monitoring, Accuracy, Popular Models & Practical Guide

Smart watches are wearable computing devices designed to be worn on the wrist, combining timekeeping with advanced connectivity, sensors, health monitoring, notifications, and appl…

RSS Feeds Explained: Definition, History, How They Work, Use Cases, Pros & Cons

RSS (Really Simple Syndication) is a standardized web technology that allows users and systems to automatically receive updates from websites without visiting each site manually. R…

Blockchain Technology: A Practical Technical Guide for IT and Enterprise Use

Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger system designed to record transactions in a secure, transparent, and tamper-resistant manner. Originally introduced as the foundation …

Internet Bandwidth Capacity Planning: Evaluating 39,600 GB Monthly Data for a 40-System Office

This article explains how to analyze, calculate, and validate whether 39,600 GB (≈39.6 TB) of monthly internet data is sufficient for an office with 40 systems. It focuses on prac…

Amazon Web Services (AWS): Detailed Technical Overview, Core Features, and Practical Examples

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a comprehensive cloud computing platform that provides on-demand infrastructure, platforms, and managed services over the internet. Instead of buying a…

Support as a Service (SaaS) – Billing Terminology & Invoicing Standards for IT Service Providers

As IT service providers move from break–fix models and traditional AMCs to subscription-based managed services, the way services are described and billed becomes critical. Incorrec…

EC2 Instance Terminated but Still Visible in AWS Console – Billing Clarification and Safe Verification Guide

Many AWS users become concerned when they see terminated EC2 instances still appearing in the AWS Console under Instances, Global View, Monitoring, or Diagnostics. This often leads…

PayU Swipe Charges Calculator – Including Fixed Platform Fee with GST

Payment gateway charges are not always limited to percentage-based fees. Many gateways, including PayU Swipe, apply a combination of percentage fees, GST, and fixed platform charge…

Understanding Options and Futures Trading: A Comprehensive Guide to Calls, Puts, and Derivative Products

Options and Futures Trading are financial strategies that involve buying or selling assets at a predetermined price on a future date. They fall under derivatives trading, where the…

What Is g.co/sc and Why Is Google Using It?

Many users are recently noticing a short URL — g.co/sc — appearing in browser address bars, emails, notifications, and Google-generated messages. This can feel unfamiliar or even s…

Motor Insurance in India: IRDAI-Registered Insurers, Registration Norms, Buying Criteria, and Claim Process

Motor insurance in India is a regulated financial product covering third-party legal liability (mandatory by law) and optionally own-damage (vehicle repair/replacement) plus add-on…

Implementing Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) in Tally Prime and Signing Invoices

Steps to Implement DSC in Tally Prime and Sign Invoices Ensure Prerequisites: A valid Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) from a certified authority like eMudhra, Capricorn, or …

Types of Headphones, Technologies, Features, Sizes, and Shortcut Commands for Daily Productivity and Gaming

Headphones are essential audio devices used for communication, media consumption, remote work, learning, and immersive gaming. Modern headphones vary widely in design, driver techn…

How to Configure DMARC Enforcement for BIMI in Google Workspace

This knowledge base article provides a technical, implementation-focused guide for configuring DMARC enforcement as a prerequisite for BIMI (Brand Indicators for Message Identifica…

Ping Fails After Updating A Record – Technical Diagnosis and Network-Level Analysis

This article provides a technical explanation and troubleshooting framework for scenarios where: DNS A records resolve correctly But ICMP ping fails (e.g., Destination Host…

Edge Computing Explained: Architecture, Use Cases, Implementation, and Best Practices

Edge computing is a distributed computing model where data processing occurs closer to the data source instead of relying entirely on centralized cloud data centers. As organizatio…

Information Technology Data Security: Implementing a Defense-in-Depth Strategy to Protect Enterprise Systems

Data security is a core responsibility of modern Information Technology teams. With increasing cloud adoption, remote work, and regulatory pressure, organizations must protect sens…

Internet of Things (IoT) & Connectivity (5G/6G): A Practical Technical Guide

The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a network of physical devices embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity that enables them to collect and exchange data. Modern IoT de…

What Is a DMARC Aggregate Report and Why You Receive Emails from noreply@dmarc.yahoo.com

If you manage a business domain or corporate email system, you may have received emails from addresses like noreply@dmarc.yahoo.com with attached files ending in .xml.gz. At first …

Tally Together – Tally Solutions’ Corporate Social Responsibility Initiative

Tally Together is Tally Solutions’ formal Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiative that reflects the company’s commitment to social development and community empowerment. I…