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How to Use a Text-Based (ASCII) Logo Instead of an Image

Many people add their company logo to email signatures using an image. While this looks attractive, images can sometimes cause emails to load slowly or display incorrectly.A simple…

Outlook Signature Files Location, Structure, and HTML Customization Guide (Technical Knowledge Base)

This Knowledge Base (KB) article provides a detailed technical reference for IT professionals, system administrators, and support engineers on: Outlook signature storage locatio…

Why Emails Send Slowly with Image Signatures (And How to Fix It)

Many users notice that emails take longer to send or arrive late when using a signature that contains a logo or image. This can be confusing and frustrating, especially when everyt…

Bulletin Board System (BBS) Services in the 1990s: History, Benefits, and Whether They Still Exist

In the 1990s, BBS services (Bulletin Board Systems) were a major part of the IT and “online” ecosystem—especially before the public internet became cheap and common. Users connecte…

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) in India: Class-2, Class-3, Types, Legal Validity, Manufacturers, and Practical Usage

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) are a foundational element of secure electronic transactions in India. They are legally recognized tools used to authenticate identity, ensure …

Why Is My Email Link Showing Blue Instead of Black? (Easy Fix Guide)

Have you ever created a beautiful email signature, only to see your email address appear in blue instead of black?This is very common. Email apps like Outlook and Gmail automatical…

Implementing Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) in Tally Prime and Signing Invoices

Steps to Implement DSC in Tally Prime and Sign Invoices Ensure Prerequisites: A valid Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) from a certified authority like eMudhra, Capricorn, or …

Outlook Signature Spacing: Reliable Layout Control Using Table-Based Spacer Rows (blank line insert)

This Knowledge Base (KB) article explains Outlook-safe spacing techniques for HTML email signatures using table-based spacer rows. It is intended for: IT Professionals Syst…

E-Commerce Tools in India: Payment Gateways & Aggregators — Operating Players, Registration Norms, Procurement Grounds, and GST/Compliance Claim Process

For any e-commerce setup (website, app, marketplace seller, subscription SaaS), the payment layer is the most regulated and security-sensitive component. In India, payments usually…

Installing Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) and Troubleshooting Usage Issues

Introduction A Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) is an electronic signature used to verify the identity of the signer and the integrity of the document. It is widely used in e-Go…

How to Add Your Company Logo at the Bottom of Emails Using Outlook Stationery

Outlook Stationery allows you to apply a design template to your emails. Instead of manually inserting a logo or signature every time, stationery automatically adds your branding w…

Quick Heal vs CatchPulse: Technical Comparison for Endpoint Protection

Selecting the right endpoint security solution is critical in today’s threat landscape. Quick Heal (a commonly deployed traditional antivirus/endpoint protection suite in India) an…

IREPS Portal and DSC-Related Issues

Introduction The Indian Railway E-Procurement System (IREPS) portal is a web-based platform designed for the procurement of goods and services in Indian Railways. It facilitates tr…

Delayed Delivery of HTML Signature Emails with Inline or Hosted Logos – Technical Analysis & Troubleshooting Guide

This knowledge base article provides a technical deep dive into why emails containing HTML signatures with embedded or hosted logos/images may experience delayed delivery when sent…

IAVT (Intelligent Anti Virus Toolkit): India’s First Antivirus — History, Architecture, and Practical Insights

The Intelligent Anti Virus Toolkit (IAVT) is recognized as one of the earliest India-developed antivirus tools, created in the early 1990s by Mr. Nitin Chandra for DOS-based system…

Why signData.inp File Downloads Repeatedly When Using DSC on Government eProcurement Portals

Users accessing Indian Government eProcurement portals (such as CPPP, GeM, eProcure, State eProcurement systems) frequently encounter an issue where a file named signData.inp (or s…

Antivirus Products in India: Types, Blacklist vs Whitelist (Allowlisting) Models, and Where CatchPulse Fits

Businesses in India commonly buy “antivirus,” but modern endpoint security is broader than classic virus scanning. Today’s products may include EPP (Endpoint Protection Platform), …

How to Properly Save a PEM SSL Certificate from BEGIN/END Data (Technical Guide)

This article explains how to correctly save an SSL/TLS certificate when provided in PEM-encoded text format, typically bounded by:-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- -----END CERTIFICATE-…

Comprehensive Guide: Antivirus Software Available in India & Their Core Values

With the rapid proliferation of malware, ransomware, phishing, and other cyber-threats, choosing the right antivirus software is essential for protecting personal and business endp…

Quick Heal Antivirus Products: Overview, Product Types, and Business Benefits

Quick Heal is one of India’s long-established cybersecurity vendors, widely used in home, SMB, enterprise, and government environments. Its product portfolio has evolved from tradi…

DMARC, DKIM, and SPF for Email Authentication

Introduction Email authentication is critical for protecting against spam, phishing, and other malicious activities. DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting, and Conf…

ICEGATE FileSign PKI Component Error – DSC Utility Detection & Troubleshooting Guide

This article provides a deep technical explanation and step-by-step resolution guide for the error:“Error connecting to PKI component. Please check if DSC utility is installed.”Thi…

Independent Director Profile Template (India): Structure, Fields, and Best Practices

An Independent Director (ID) Profile is a formal professional document used by: Company boards and NRC committees ICA Independent Director Databank Listed and unlisted…

CouldNotLoadArgumentException Error While Opening signData.jnlp in DSC (Access Is Denied)

Users working with Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) on Indian Government portals (CPPP, GeM, eProcure, State eTender portals) may encounter the following Java Web Start error w…

Do Paid Domain-Based Email Services Require SPF, DKIM & DMARC? A Technical Knowledge Base Guide for Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Yahoo Business Mail & Rediffmail Pro

Modern email delivery is governed by strict anti-spam and anti-phishing standards. Merely purchasing a paid, domain-based email service does not guarantee inbox delivery.Whether yo…

Why WhatsApp Converts .CDR Files to .ZIP Format During File Transfer

Users frequently report an issue where CorelDRAW (.CDR) files, when sent through WhatsApp, are automatically renamed and displayed as .ZIP files on the recipient’s device. Althoug…

Linux OS and Antivirus Software: Do You Really Need It? A Technical and Security Perspective

Linux is widely regarded as a secure and stable operating system, commonly used in servers, cloud platforms, embedded systems, and enterprise workloads. A frequent and important qu…

PDF Software Ecosystem: History, Technology, Major Vendors, and Modern Alternatives

PDF (Portable Document Format) software plays a critical role in modern digital documentation by enabling consistent document viewing, sharing, printing, and archiving across platf…

rainee Appointment Letter & Internship Engagement Policy (Knowledge Base)

This Knowledge Base article explains the purpose, structure, and implementation of a Trainee Appointment Letter used for learners, interns, or on-the-job trainees who are not engag…

How to Use DSC for Digital Signing Over Remote Desktop (RDP): Complete Step-by-Step Tutorial

Digital Signature Certificates (DSCs) are widely used in India for signing GST returns, Income Tax, MCA filings, e-tenders, PF, and government documents. Many professionals work r…

How to Register Your DSC: Step-by-Step Guide

Digital Signature Certificates (DSC) play a crucial role in ensuring secure online transactions and e-filing, especially for GST compliance in India. This guide outlines the steps …

Installing and Reissuing SSL Certificates in cPanel (CSR-Based Workflow)

This knowledge base article provides a technical reference for IT professionals, system administrators, and support engineers managing SSL/TLS certificate issuance, installation, a…

Does Apple OS (macOS) Require Antivirus Software? – Technical Analysis, Vendors, and Best Practices

Apple’s operating system, macOS, is widely perceived as secure by design. This perception is largely accurate due to Apple’s tightly controlled ecosystem, strong hardware–software …

Does an Expired Antivirus Subscription Slow Down Your Computer? Performance, Security Impact, and Best Practices Explained

A common concern among users and IT administrators is whether an expired antivirus subscription causes a computer to slow down—and whether renewing the subscription restores perfor…

Cyber Security Explained: Purpose, Implementation, Key Companies, and How It Differs from Antivirus Software

Cyber security is the practice of protecting systems, networks, applications, and data from digital attacks. These attacks are no longer limited to simple viruses. Modern threats i…

Windows Server Manager Shows “Core Scanning Server” Stopped After Quick Heal Update – Explanation & Resolution

System administrators running Windows Server with enterprise antivirus and EDR solutions may occasionally observe a temporary service alert in Server Manager, indicating that the “…

AI Tools in 2026: Types, Benefits, Top Tools by Segment, Key Players, and How to Spot Fraud

AI tools are now a broad market of products that use machine learning (ML) and large language models (LLMs) to generate content, automate workflows, analyze data, and assist decisi…

Understanding CatchPulse Protection Modes: Automatic, Interactive, Lockdown, Trust All & Observation

Modern endpoint protection platforms increasingly rely on application allowlisting—a “deny-by-default” approach that blocks execution of unknown or untrusted software to prevent ma…

How to Fix DKIM TXT Record Truncation Issue in DNS: Complete Step-by-Step Guide for Google Workspace

What is DKIM?DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) is an email authentication method that adds a digital signature to your outgoing emails. It prevents spoofing and ensures that receiv…

What is PDF? History, Benefits & Best PDF Editors – Complete Guide

? What is a PDF?PDF stands for Portable Document Format. It is a universal file format that preserves the fonts, images, document structure, and layout of a file exactly as designe…

Complete Guide to Convert Tally Prime Silver Licenses into a Tally Prime Gold License (Multi User Upgrade Process)

Businesses often begin with a Single User (Silver Edition) Tally Prime license. But when multiple users need simultaneous access to accounting data over LAN, shifting to Tally Prim…

Self-Declaration of Witness for NGO Darpan Registration

NGO Darpan, an initiative by NITI Aayog under the Government of India, aims to maintain transparency, accountability, and authenticity of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) func…

Gmail Free vs Google Workspace: What They Are, Key Benefits, Techniques & How to Choose

Gmail is the free email service provided by Google for individuals. Google Workspace (formerly G Suite) is a paid cloud-productivity and collaboration suite designed for businesses…

Understanding Numerology: Meaning, Benefits, Techniques & Its Role as Science, Art or Faith

Numerology is an ancient metaphysical science that studies the influence of numbers on human life. It is based on the belief that every number carries a unique vibration or frequen…

Antivirus Software History: From DOS to Present – Including IAVT by Nitin Chandra

Antivirus software has been essential since the earliest personal computers. As viruses evolved from floppy-disk infections to internet-based threats, antivirus programs followed s…

Professional Media Consent Form for Podcast Guests: What It Is & Why You Need It

In today's digital world, having a Media Release or Consent Form signed by your podcast guests is not just a formality—it's a professional necessity.If your content is published on…

Fixing the "Error in Establishing Connection with Traces WebSocket e-Signer" Issue

When encountering the error “Error in establishing connection with traces WebSocket e-Signer,” it is usually due to improper setup of the Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) enviro…

CatchPulse: Personalized Malware Protection for Your Devices

In today’s digital world, securing your personal devices is no longer a choice but a necessity. With a rapidly increasing number of cyber threats, traditional antivirus solutions m…